In March 2020, the World Health Organization determined that the spread was worldwide and declared a COVID-19 pandemic. These new capabilities set the stage for a global epidemic, called a pandemic. Second, it could easily spread from one person to another. This new virus developed when a bat coronavirus infected another animal, which has yet to be identified, and changed in a way that enabled it to gain two important capabilities. SARS-CoV-2 was first identified in China in late 2019. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). View a list of questions submitted by readers on our companion webpage at .Ĭlick here to view a full-size image of the infographic. In the U.S., this review was completed by independent experts advising both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The results of these studies were carefully reviewed to ensure their safety. The speed with which COVID-19 vaccines were made was due to the dedication of massive financial and human resources, including clinical trials involving tens of thousands of participants. The spike protein is responsible for attaching the virus to cells. By the end of 2020, vaccines targeting the coronavirus spike protein became available in the U.S. With that information in hand, it was now possible to make a vaccine to prevent it. By January 2020, the virus had been isolated and its genetic sequence defined. View larger image SARS-CoV-2, a bat coronavirus, made its debut in the human population in November 2019.
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